tdc's FarmGate                 
Heating with Wood
 


                       With natural gas, oil, electricity being quite costly. 
                       Wood or hybrid heating units are a good choice.

                              Here are some facts about using wood as a heating fuel.

Price Comparison with Other Fuels | Purchasing  |  Wood Species by Type  |  Preparation | Price Comparison Gas and Electricty |
Wood Heating Factors  | Current Prices  |  Global Commodity Fuel Prices | Tree Care |

In considering heating with wood, several factors should be kept in mind. Wood as a fuel source has benefits as well as qualities that must be recognized for optimal and safe utilization. Among its advantages, wood is a renewable natural resource, is less costly than fossil fuels if cut yourself, and, if properly air-dried and burned in an efficient, modern wood burning stove, the heat from a cord of native hardwood is nearly equal to that of burning 130 gallons of No.2 fuel oil. Other positive considerations are that using wood as fuel can contribute to better forestry practices as an economic incentive making for better woodlands. There are also some potential positive personal considerations such as feelings of independence, security and satisfaction.

At the same time, there are some disadvantages to heating with wood. First, wood is bulky and needs a good amount of storage space. Wood also must be properly prepared or dried to burn efficiently and this takes time as well as space. The work involved with cutting and splitting wood is both hard and dangerous. Potential wood burners also should be aware of the debris, insects and fungi in decayed wood which add to housekeeping chores. Wood fires require some attention, stoking and periodic adjustment for good results and safety. With these factors in mind, one should consider that it may be more economical and practical over the long term to invest in good caulking and insulation rather than purchase a good wood stove and install a proper chimney.

If, with these facts in mind you still are interested in heating with wood, there is further information which will help you toward the purchase, preparation, and use of firewood.

Burning Wood

Purchasing

In purchasing wood, one basic piece of information to have is what constitutes a cord of wood. 

The units of measure used in selling firewood are not always straightforward, and many people have been confused about the actual amount of wood they thought they were buying. The standard unit of measure for firewood is the cord, which is simply a stack of wood 4 feet high, 4 feet deep, and 8 feet long (Figure 3). This stack of wood contains 128 cubic feet of solid space, which is usually 80 to 90 cubic feet of solid wood (the remainder is mostly air space between the stacked pieces of wood). Also, wood is often sold by the "face cord." A face cord is a stack of wood 4 feet high, 8 feet long, and some variable length in depth. Obviously, the depth measurement will determine just how much wood is contained in the face cord. If the pieces of wood are 48 inches long, the face cord will be the same as a full cord. If the pieces are 24 inches long, the face cord will contain 1/2 cord; if the pieces are 16 inches long, the face cord will contain 1/3 cord, etc. If all negotiations for buying and selling wood are on a cord basis, there should be no confusion. 

Occasionally, firewood is sold on a weight basis, and this can be especially confusing because the weight of wood varies greatly depending upon the moisture content. A cord of wood, depending upon species and dryness, generally weighs between 2 and 3 tons. Purchase of a ton of green wood could mean that you are buying l/2 ton of wood and 1/2 ton of water; however, if the wood is air-dry, you would be buying about 1,670 pounds of wood and only 330 pounds of water. When buying firewood on a weight basis, you should be sure to specify whether or not prices are based on green or air-dry wood. 

Do Not Burn Pressure Treated Wood 

In purchasing wood for burning, it is beneficial to know the species you are buying as this determines its heating value. Wood is generally characterized as "soft" or "hard" with the denser (hard) woods giving off more heat when burned. Since most wood dealers do not separate wood by grade or species, it is helpful to know general characteristics of the various species. The species can be recognized by its bark. Having this information will allow you to determine the general value of the load. At the same time, it is not a bad bargain to purchase a good mix of species as the softer woods can be used as kindling or for heating on warm days.

A note about "soft" wood - after cutting it absorbs moisture making it difficult to burn even though it burns quickly... therefore it is no real bargain when you buy it!

To Order HOT Dried and Crushed Hot Habanero Peppers - Click Here !Habanero Peppers

Wood Species by Type

Some hard or high density woods are Live, White, and Red oak, Black locust, Dogwood, Apple, Honey locust, Black and Yellow birch, Rock elm, Sugar maple, American beech, White and Oregon ash, Yew, and Black walnut.

Some medium density woods are Holly, Tamarack, Western larch, Juniper, Red maple, Cherry, American elm, Black gum, Sycamore, Gray birch, Sassafras, Magnolia, Red cedar, Bald cypress, Chestnut, and several pines--Pond, Nut, Loblolly, Shortleaf, Pitch, and Norway.

Some soft or low density woods are Basswood, Butternut, Catalpa, Cottonwood, Black willow, Hemlock, Redwood, Tulip and Balsam poplars, Black, White, and Sitka spruce, Red, Noble, Red Adler, and Balsam fir, and Ponderosa, Sugar and White pine.

 

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Preparation

The preparation of wood involves cutting, splitting, stacking, and seasoning:

Cutting requires the use of a chain saw which is the hazardous part of wood preparation. This process should be done at least six to nine months before burning the wood to allow for proper drying.

Splitting greatly reduces the wood's drying time and should be done when the wood is green or frozen. It is also important for easier handling and burning.

Stacking is important for correct wood drying and should be done immediately after splitting. Cover the wood to protect from moisture penetration, but allow for good air circulation.

Seasoning will facilitate drying which is necessary for proper burning.

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Wood Heat Equivalents and Cost Comparisons to Other Fuels

Wood heat is dependent upon several factors, including the wood material itself (hard or soft wood), and the amount of resin, ash, and water concentrated in the wood. Woody material, resin and ash are determined by the tree species and its growth rate. The amount of water in the wood depends on the species, the season in which the tree was cut, and the method of seasoning. A general rule is that denser or heavier wood gives out the most heat. Lighter woods have approximately the same heat value per pound as harder woods, but give less heat per cord or cubic foot because they are less dense.

Listed below are various species of wood, measured in one air-dried cord, and their equivalents to other heat sources:

Hickory, Hop hornbeam (Ironwood), Black locust, White oak, and Apple are equal to  146 gallons of fuel oil ($314), 174 therms of natural gas ($73), and 3,800 KWH of electricity ($304) . - Mixed wood $55.00 - $80.00

Beech, Sugar maple, Red oak, Yellow birch, and White ash are equal to , 133 gallons of fuel oil ($287), 160 therms of natural gas ($67), and 3,500 KWH of electricity($280).- Mixed wood $60.00.

Gray and Paper birch, Black walnut, Black cherry, Red maple, Tamarack (Larch), and Pitch pine are equal to 114 gallons of fuel oil ($246), 136 therms of natural gas($57), and 3,000 KWH of electricity($240).- Mixed wood $60.00.

American elm, Black and Green ash, Sweet gum, Silver and Bigleaf maple, Red cedar, and Red pine are equal to, 103 gallons of fuel oil ($222), 123 therms of natural gas($52), and 2,700 KWH of electricity($216).- Mixed wood $60.00.

Poplar, Cottonwood, Black willow, Aspen, Butternut, Hemlock, and Spruce are equal to 86 gallons of fuel oil ($165), 102 therms of natural gas($43), and 2,200 KWH of electricity($176).- Mixed wood $60.00.

Basswood, White pine, Balsam fir, and White cedar are equal to, 73 gallons of fuel oil which costs about$163.67, 87 therms of natural gas which costs about $36.65, and 1,900 KLWH of electricity ($152). - Mixed Wood $60.00.

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Note: Prices were calculated using data provided from Brockville Ontario sources:
Date: October 19, 2000
1 cord of mixed hardwood not delivered in Brockville price $60.00
Natural gas 15 cents per cubic meter
Fuel oil 56.9 - 62.5  cents per liter
Electricity 8 cents per KWH


All in Canadian Dollars  (To determine what this is in other currencies)

Current Price Comparison Input - If you would like to help provide competitive pricing
information for Fuel Oil, Wood, and Natural Gas ~~ please fill out the following form
with the current prices that you paid and SUBMIT!.

Name                                                      
E mail address:                                        
Municipality                                              
Fuel Oil Price Paid (cents/liter)                   
Wood Price Paid (dollars/face or full cord)   
Natural Gas Price Paid (cents/cubic metre) 

Any Comments                                                                                

  

Note: Per Gallon Equivalent of Natural Gas To Heating Oil

Date of Submission Municipality Fuel Oil cts/litre Natural Gas cts/cubic metre Wood Cdn $/Cord
Dec 23, 2022 Sioux Lookout 184 - $120.00 full cord birtch
Jan. 29, 2022
Timmins, On
.65   $88.00
Aug 16, 2019 Prince Edward County     $300/full cord
Jan 19, 2013 Wiarton, ON .54/L propane - 300/full cord
Jan 18, 1013 Brockville 1.06 - -
Dec. 3, 2012 Ashton - 49 110
Sept. 24, 2012 McGrath, Alaska 196.2 - 275
April 5, 2012 Brockville Ontario $1.03 / litre - -
March 28, 2012 Sundridge, Ontario - - 110 dollars per face cord, minimum 3 cords delivered, dry
March 7, 2012 Windsor, NS - - $130 full cord 8 foot logs
Feb. 20, 2012 Sturgeon County, AB - 3.00 per cubic metre 100 dollars
Feb. 9, 2012 Clarendon, QC. $1.10 - $84 face cord 4x8x16
Jan. 25, 2012 Truro, NS 1.08 cents/liter   110 dollars full cord
Jan. 7, 2012 Kawartha Lakes Ontario - - $250.00 full cord, maple &cherry
Dec. 31, 2011 Ottawa Valley, Ontario $1.10 - $80/face 4x8x16
Dec. 30, 2011 Ft Wayne Indiana - - $78.00 Face Cord
Dec. 13, 2011 Holdfast $1.10 - -
Nov. 23, 2011 Brockville Ont $1.10 - -
Oct 18, 2011 Halifax Regional Municipality, NS - - $294 full cord, delivered, taxes in, seasoned, split
Sept 24, 2011 Winnipeg MB - - 260 (delivered, poplar)
 
Sept 6, 2011 Squamish BC
 
- - 240 dollars
 
Sept 5, 2011 Saint-Lazare, Quebec
 
- - $85.00 per face cord
April 7, 2011 North Eastern Manitoulin and the Islands $1.10 Propane .78 cents per litre
 
$90.00  per face cord/ del.
 
April 5, 2011 Greater Napanee $1.09 - $300.00
March 21, 2011 Brockville $1.06 - -
March 7, 2011 Halifax Regional Municipality $1.00 - 240 dollars full, hard wood, split, cut, delivered
February 25, 2011 Brockville Ontario $1.07 - -
December 16, 2010 Hatley - - $75.00
October 11, 2010 Eastern Ontario - - $250.00 full cord
September 30, 2010 Rutland, VT - - $200.00 full cord
July 30, 2010 Connecticut, USA .74 - 140.00   dollars split and delivered
July 12, 2010 Kirkland Ontario - - $250.00
June 30, 2010 Colchester County NS. .78 - 195.00 cord  cut and split
April 11, 2010 Uxbridge, Ontario - - $300.00 bush cord
March 33, 2010 Clearview 99.9 - $320
January 2, 2010 Williams Lake BC 79.9
 
- $125
December 13, 2009 Charlottetown  PEI 78 - $190   dollars/cord birch & maple
November 25, 2009 Moncton NB 89.9 - 200.00 cord of hardwood (birch and maple) cut split delivered. fairly dry
October 30, 2009 Washington State - - $275.00
October 27, 2009 Mallorytown Ontario .729 - $80.00 face cord
October 16, 2009 Sutton Ontario .89 - $100.00 face cord
July 17, 2009 Stirling - - $300.00
May 15, 2009 Bradford 78.7 - 315 bush  seasoned  delivered
April 1, 2009 Brockville 67 cents / liter - -
February 22, 2009 Whitehorse 86 cents per liter - $240
January 18, 2009 Timmins - - $200 tax in
January 12, 2009 Waterloo -
 
- $150 / bush cord
January 12, 2009 Simcoe County,Ontario,Can
 
.80 cents/500 L tank
 
- $350
January 7, 2009 Picton Ontario - - $250
Full Cord Mixed hardwood...
split, delivered
January 4, 2009 Uxbridge, Ontario
 
- - Advertised for $300/full mixed wood cord but dropped price to $250 each for 4 cords
January 2, 2009 Brockville Ontario .80 - -
January 2, 2009 Peterborough Ontario - .35 $240 full cord
December 19, 2008 Whistler BC - - $250.00 Bush Cord
December 1, 2008 Brockville Ontario .83 - -
November 30, 2008 Burnet, Texas - - $105 for a cord of mostly live oak (a little red oak), split, about 16" long, loaded onto the trailer
November 30, 2008 Whistler BC - - $325
November 26, 2008 Ottawa .849 - -
November 25, 2008 Annapolis Valley NS .89 - $170 dollars split, delivered
November 11, 2008 Northwestern Ohio - - $155/Cord delivered split and seasoned mostly red oak
November 5, 2008 Central PEI - - $160.00 / Cord Blocked
October 9, 2008 DUNLOP, NB CANADA
 
- - $128.00
128 CU. FT MOSTLY SUGAR MAPLE AND WHITE BIRCH
October 5, 2008 Woodburn, OR - - $250.00 of White Oak
October 1, 2008 Colville, WA - -

$150.00 a cord

September 23, 2008 Kingston Ontario - -

$290.00 full cord

September 19, 2008 Portage County, Wisconsin
 
- -

8-2008 Propane $2.59 (USD) per (US) gallon - does not include fuel surcharge or haz mat fee.  Oak firewood quoted at $90 to $100 per full cord in 100 inch lengths (i.e. not cut or split) delivered in 10 to 12 cord loads.

September 7, 2008 Montrose P E I - - $ 130.00   dollars Full blocked cord
 
August 29, 2008 Rothesay NB - - $225
August 16, 2008 Wakefield Quebec 0899 Dec 07 - $95 / 16' face cord dry maple
July 3, 2008 Brampton .99 - 100 dollars/face cut/sp
May 22, 2008 Village Of Millerton - - $ 175 per face cord
May 12. 2008 Antigonish, Nova Scotia Canada $1.09 - $95.00
mixed species delivered NOT chunked or split or seasoned
March 4, 2008 St Stephen - - 200  dollars/full cord
cut, split and delivered hardwood,
1/2 cord per load
January 20, 2008 Ottawa Canada - - $150.00
Well dried and split, good mix of wood. Enough kindling pieces, but not too many
December 29, 2007 Prince Edward County - - $225.00
Almost all hardwood, stove size pieces, split and dried, delivered
December 2, 2007 Ware, Massachusetts - - $170.00
Full cord cut split delivered. mixed hardwood 80%oak
November 9, 2007 Amherst Jct., Wisconsin - 1.93 per gallon of propane 75.00 dollars per cord
 Delivered not cut/split, mixed hardwood mostly oak.
Been cut 1-2 years
October 25, 2007 North Stormount .80 cts/litre - $80.00 face Cord
September 26, 2007 Lynnwood, Washington - - $285 dollars/full cord - 1/2 hard 1/2 soft delivered
About 20% more than last years
September 17, 2007
Redding, California, USA
 
- - $220 full cord white oak dry
Sept. 10, 2007 Ottawa 88 cts/litre - $500 for 5 cords- 2 years old
delivered
April 17, 2007 Saanich BC .98 cts/litre - $155
April 10, 2007 Manitoulin Island, Ontario - - $60 Hardwood facecord
April 16, 2007 Omro, Wisconsin - - $170 full cord red oak  cut split,
del, stacked
April 10, 2007 Riverview NB .71 cts/litre - $160.00 dollars 1 Full Cord
April 2, 2007 Ottawa Canada - 47.33 $65.00 green face cord
March 7, 2007 Oshkosh, WI - - $210/full cord delivered seasoned 70%Am.Elm-30%Red Oak
March 7, 2007 Ripon, WI - - Ripon, WI
March 7, 2007 Winneconne, WI - - $70.16 face cord hard wood
March 3, 2007 Cowichan Valley BC - - $165.00
February 23, 2007 Brockville Ontario 78.9 litre - -
February 18, 2007 Ottawa Ontario $750.00/900 gallons - $185 /Bush Cord - Semi Dry
February 4, 2007 Ft. Smith, AR. - - $100 cord white oak delivered
February 3, 2007 Manitowoc, WI - - $120 / full cord mixed, seasoned
January 18, 2007 Richmond Ontario - - $100.00 face cord
January 3, 2007 Milwaukee WI - - $200.00 full cord
December 15, 2006 Leominster Mass USA - $1.73/therm $225 full cord delivered, seasoned, 80% maple
November 13, 2006 Thames Centre, Ontario - - $55.00 face cord
November 13, 2006 Dorval Quebec - - $285 cord
November 12, 2006 Haliburton 75.5 -   250.00 full bush cord
November 2, 2006 Denton Co. Tx - - $240.00 Full cord Picked up
October 30, 2006 Williamsport, PA USA - - $110.00 full cord delivered
October 30, 2006 Brockville Ontario 67.0 - -
October 26, 2006 Missouri - USA - - $175.00 full cord delivered
and stacked
October 11, 2006 Halifax Nova Scotia 69.9 - $160.00
October 2, 2006 Ottawa Ontario 79.9 - $150.00
September 10, 2006 Gaspe, QC - - $170 season hardwood, delivered, full cord
August 24, 2006 Mays Landing N.J. - $2.50 propane $175 full cord
August 19, 2008 Quinte West - .299 $225
August 18, 2006 Oxford County, Ontario - - $30.00 face cord
August 9, 2006 West Carleton 108.9 - $100 per face cord
June 22, 2006 Combermere, Ontario - - $60 face cord hardwood,
$30 face cord softwood
May 26, 2006 Dorval, Quebec 72 - -
May 17, 2006 Yellowknife 1.15 - $300 / full cord - black spruce
May 4, 2006 Seattle, WA US - $1.13 / therm -
April 25, 2006 Brockville, Ontario 73.9 - -
April 15, 2006 Brantford, Ontario - 42 cents per cubic metre $60/face seasoned hardwood
February 26, 2006 North Bend, Oregon 2.30 per gallon - $125 full cord split/delivered
douglas fir
February 7, 2006 Halifax, Nova Scotia 66.7 - $ 170.00
February 3, 2006 Franklin, PA - - $75.00-$100.00 for pickup all split
February 2, 2006 Brockville, Ont Canada 74.9 - -
February 2, 2006 North York Ont Canada - 41.19 cts/cubic metre -
February 2, 2006 New Berlin, WI, USA - - $210
January 24, 2006 Fredericton, NB, Canada 84 cents/liter -

200 dollars / full cord seasoned, delivered, oak, beech, yellow birch rock maple - wood is the better deal

January 22, 2006 Halifax 86.4 - -
January 20, 2006 Halifax, Nova Scotia 66.9 - $200/full cord, seasoned, picked up
January 18, 2006 Browns Mills, New Jersey - - 166 dollars/full cord mixed hard wood
January 11. 2006 Berkeley CA - - $300 US / cord OAK dollars
December 24, 2005 Cranbrook/Fernie BC - - $150 fir $170 larch full cord split delivered
December 23, 2005 Duncan BC - - $150 in Fall/Winter $100 in Summer Fir & Maple mix, split, delivered,
true cord+
December 19, 2005 North Shore Nassau County, Long Island, NY - - $155 1/2 Face Cord Stacked
December 15, 2005 Saratoga County-NY $2.29/Gallon $1.30 per therm $160-Full Cord-Unseasoned-Split-Delivered
December 13, 2005 Montreal Quebec 69.9 - -
December 11, 2005 Montreal Quebec 71.9 - -
December 10, 2005 Hamburg N.Y.   $134 per therm $180 full cord mixed
December 10, 2005 Portland Oregon - $1.30 per therm $215/ full cord mixed
December 3, 2005 Ottawa Canada 73.4 - -
November 30, 2005 Malone N.Y. 2.06/ gallon - $105. full cord cut/split
November 25, 2005 Kingston Ontario .799 - -
November 24, 2005 El Paso Texas - 87.2  cents per ccf $175.00 /full cord - Mixed
November 24, 2005 Victoria, BC $1.004 - -
November 19, 2005 Ramara Township - 49.9 $200 full cord
November 12, 2005 Ross Twp, PA - - $120.00 face/cord
November 1, 2005 Truro, N.S. .71 - $160.00 dollars full cord, cut, split, dumped in yard
September 9, 2005 Iqaluit, Canada .5673 - free
August 14, 2005 Pierrefonds Quebec 60.7 - $85
August 2, 2005 Latvija - - $80.00/full cord - birch
May 11, 2005 Truro N.S .92 per litre $145 Per cord
April 17, 2005 Charlotte, NC - $1.02900/ccf $180 dollars / full stove cord
Wood: Red Oak & Hickory mixed, split, seasoned, delivered, not stacked
April 14, 2005 Buckingham, Quebec - - $ 50.00
Note: It is always cheaper if you can purchase your wood green and then pile it and let it dry on your on property
March 18, 2005 Tottenham Ontario 69.9/l - $250/full cord
March 4, 2005 Dallas/Fort worth Tx. Metro - 39.68 cents per cubic metre
includes various fees but not tax
$215.00 dollars
firewood is seasoned oak picked up (delivered and stacked price is 320.00)
February 28, 2005  South Wisconsin USA - - $65/face, oak
January 27, 2005 Coldbrook, NS 67 cts/litre - -
January 25, 2005 Ashton - - $35.00 / face
January 21, 2005 Victoria B.C.  70 - $150
January 13, 2005 Yarmouth N.S. 67 - $175/ full cord
January 8, 2005 Dutchess County N.Y. - - $160/cord/ All Red Oak
January 4, 2005 Queens 65 - 170.00
December 23, 2004  Renfrew Ontario 28.0562 ¢ 60.00/face
December 21, 2004 Milton Ontario - 29.7844/M3 60.00/face
December 18, 2004 Ottawa Ontario - - $90.00
November 15, 2004 Ohio - 1.75 cents -
November 2, 2004 Dutchess County, New York $1.46.9/Gal - $145.00
October 25, 2004 Brockville, Ontario 64.9 cents Cdn -
October 23, 2004 Colborne/Cramahe - - $200.00 per bush cord ****
October 17, 2004  Rockland, Ontario - - $165.00
October 13, 2004  Riverview New Brunswick - - $175.00
October 12, 2004 Lynn, Indiana $1.00 per therm -
September 30, 2004 Montana - $1.29 / gallon propane $ 80.00
September 27, 2004 Halifax Nova Scotia $165.00 Full Cord
May 26, 2004 Greenwood Nova Scotia 55. - $175.00 cut split & delivered
April 17, 2004 Renfrew County Ontario 58.9 - $78.00
February 19, 2004

Owen Sound Ontario

- 43.5  $65.00 
January 28, 2004

Bowman Quebec

45.9 - $65.00
January 26, 2004

Montreal Quebec

49.9  - -
January 26, 2004

Lake in the Hills, IL

- - $65.00
October 2, 2003

Weidman, Mich

- - $125.00
Sept 23, 2003

Alton, Ontario

- - $50.00
Sept 19, 2003  La Ronge Sask. Canada 52.9 - $100.00
Sept 10, 2003

Coldwater, Oro-Medonte

.47 cents/liter - $240.00 dollars/full cord
May 14, 2003

Ottawa, Ontario

45.8 - $75.00/face cord
April 7, 2003

Hamilton, Ontario

- 25.6 $65.00/face cord
December 2, 2002

Navasota, TX

- $1.25 per gal - propane $130/cord
November 24, 2002

Kittson  County, MN

1.40 cents/gallon - $40.00
November 20, 2002

Muskoka, Ontario

- - $50.00 (green)
November 18, 2002

Easton, PA

$0.98 USD / gallon - $150.00 US
November 7, 2002 

Kincardine, Ontario 

- - $65/face 
November 7, 2002

Brockville, Ontario

55.9 cents/litre - -
September 26, 2002

Poughkeepsie, NY

.93 US cents/gallon - $95  USD full cord
September 12, 2002 Livermore California - $1.57 per m3 
or 0.56 per therm
$175.00
August 13, 2002 Halifax Regional
 (Nova Scotia Canada)
- - $155 Cdn
Full Cord 
March 20, 2002 Montreal 35.9   cents/liter - -
February 5, 2002 Brockville Ontario 46.5  - -
February 1, 2002 Warminster PA 26.40 cents/liter (US $) - $145* dollars / full cord (US $)
November 5, 2001 Montreal - - $60-$80 face cord 
October 28, 2001 Enbridge Gas (Ont) - 25.8 cts*** -
October 27, 2001 Quinte West (Ont)  - - $150 full cord
October 13, 2001 Stewart BC 65 - $65 dollars/ full cord
August 23, 2001 Stanhope (PEI) 53 - $125/full
August 1, 2001 Enbridge Gas (Ont) - 10.5 -
April 10, 2001 Enbridge Gas (Ont) - 44.5 ** -
March 28, 2001 Middlesex County 60.0 - $40/face
March 9, 2001 St. Paul Minn - - $80 USD
February 19, 2001 Ottawa - - $90/face
February 19, 2001 Kingston - - $95/face-$250/full
February 7, 2001 Brockville 61.9 13.85 $90/face
January 27, 2001 Eastern Townships 43.9 - $50/face
January 12, 2001 Toronto 59 24.4 $349
January 8, 2001 Renfrew - - $150*

                        *   reported as the price of a "full" rather than a face cord
                        **   average residential for gas supply and delivery charge but not the
                            $10.00 monthly Customer Charge per meter.

*** includes gas supply rate and storage surcharge but not customer charge per meter or the delivery charge

**** Defined by sender as being "full bush cords for $200 all cut split 14" long and even diameters"

Factors Effecting Heating Efficiency

Besides the type of wood used, the amount of heat produced in burning is dependent upon the design of the stove and chimney and the skill and attention of the operator. Because wood heat is produced from charcoal and volatile gases formed in the burning process, the method of burning is most important. Fireplaces are actually 10% efficient or less and do not retain the gases long enough to burn them completely. Metal liners may raise the efficiency to 20%. The most efficient method of burning wood is to have an airtight stove and furnace with precise controls. This will raise the efficiency levels to 55-65%. The highest efficiencies are achieved when the wood burning vehicle functions at its highest temperature with the driest wood.

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